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Imagine the delicate, balloon-like alveoli losing their springy elasticity and instead becoming large, saggy, and inefficient bags

Cigarette smoking among adultsUnited States, 2002

Nicotine in ENDS stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and over time can lead to cardiac remodeling, causing heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms

A meta-analysis from the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that smoking during pregnancy was a significant factor in instances of placental abruption (separating of the placenta from the uterus wall), placenta previa (the partial or complete covering of the cervix by the placenta), PPROM which is the preterm premature rupture of the amniotic membrane, and ectopic pregnancy which is when the egg implants itself outside the womb (normally in one of the fallopian tubes)